Language is the gateway to connecting with people from diverse cultures, expanding career and business opportunities, and broadening our perspectives. If you keep following Youtube polyglots wishing that was you, you’re not alone. This article explores strategies to go from zero to speaking multiple languages.
Study Plan 101
Follow these general steps and timelines based on the language you want to learn. Seeing language specific study plans will be better but this is just to give you some ideas. Some languages are harder than others (for example, Spanish will be easier for a native English speaker than Chinese) and it could take you longer. For languages that are in harder categories, add as much time as needed to each phase.
Phase 1: Getting Started (Weeks 1-2)
Write your reasons for learning the language.
Don’t skip this step! This will help you when you get stuck and want to stop.
Research the culture and people associated with the language. These steps are overlooked when starting because people want to jump right in. This research can save you a lot of time because you can end up realizing you actually want to study a different language.
Basic Greetings and Pronunciation:
Learn common greetings, introductions, and basic polite phrases.
Focus on correct pronunciation and practice speaking aloud.
Alphabet and Writing System:
Learn the language’s alphabet or writing system (if applicable).
Practice writing simple words and sentences.
Vocabulary Building:
Start with everyday words related to family, numbers, colors, and objects.
Use flashcards or vocabulary apps to reinforce your memory.
Phase 2: Foundations and Communication (Weeks 3-12)
Grammar Fundamentals:
Study basic grammar rules, including sentence structure and verb conjugation.
Focus on present tense and common sentence patterns.
Listening and Speaking:
Listen to audio material, podcasts, or dialogues in your target language. Make sure you are listening to basic things you can understand. Take more time at this stage to expand your vocabulary vs trying to understand complex grammar.
Reading and Writing Practice:
Read beginner-level texts, short stories, or articles in the target language. Materials intended for kids in your target language can be an option. Practice writing short paragraphs or journal entries in the language.
Phase 3: Intermediate Proficiency (Months 3-9)*
Expanded Vocabulary:
Learn intermediate-level vocabulary related to various topics (e.g., travel, food, work, hobbies).
Increase the complexity level of things you may read online in your target language.
Complex Grammar:
Study more advanced grammar topics, including different verb tenses and sentence constructions. Learn how to use your target language’s equivalent of articles, location based words, comparisons, negation and how to express likes/dislikes.
Practice writing longer texts and essays to apply grammar knowledge.
Speaking Fluency:
Try to engage with native speakers of your target language by chatting and potentially finding a language partner. At this point you may need a native speaker’s help to fill in any gaps in your knowledge. Join language meetups or online language forums to practice speaking.
Media Consumption:
Watch movies, TV shows, and videos in the target language to improve listening skills. Don’t worry if you still need to use subtitles in your native language to understand them. Over time you should be able to turn them off. Follow news outlets or social media accounts in the language for current events.
Phase 4: Approaching Fluency (Months 9-12+)
Advanced Vocabulary and Idiomatic Expressions:
Learn specialized vocabulary and idioms related to specific fields or interests. Learn cultural expressions and interjections.
Learn onomatopoeia, city names, and how the education system works in a country of your target language. These things will give you insights and both surprise native speakers of your target language if you know them.
Complex Texts and Literature:
Read advanced-level literature, articles, and academic texts in the target language.
Analyze and discuss these texts to deepen comprehension. This step will take you a while to reach so stay at your reading level if you are having a hard time increasing your level.
Cultural Immersion:
Immerse yourself in the language and culture through travel (if possible) or virtual experiences.
Engage with native speakers in real-life situations to apply your skills. Think of the most frequent phrases you say or think. Write them down in your native language, and then translate them in your target. Reference your notes and try to replace your thoughts with your target language over time.
Fine-Tuning and Refinement:
Continuously refine pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary usage. To speak a language you can get by with 2,000-3,000 words. To be fluent you’ll need 10,000+ words.